如果你有买基金或自己下场买股票。都知道股市不是风风平浪静的地方。
上次Ali分析本地的投资信托基金Unit Trust,Ali坦坦荡荡批评基金,有弹有赞,得到欢迎。
这次说说(ASNB) Amanah Saham Nasional Berhad 旗下的基金。这是一家后台雄厚的公司政府国民投资公司(PNB) 。目前旗下共12项基金。就先简单介绍一下,毕竟今天要谈这个基金有什么神奇,和解开她的面纱。
他们的表现回报又如何,一起看看:
6项固定基金
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ASNB | Fixed Price | |||||
Symbol | ASB | ASW 2020 | ASM | ASD | AS1M | ASB2 |
Fund Name | Amanah Saham Bumiputera | Amanah Saham Wawasan 2020 | Amanah Saham Malaysia | Amanah Saham Didik | Amanah Saham 1Malaysia | Amanah Saham Bumiputera 2 |
Type | Income | Income | Income | Income | Income | Income |
Category | Equity | Equity | Equity | Equity | Equity | Mixed Asset |
Launch Date | 2 January 1990 | 28 August 1996 | 20 April 2000 | 20 April 2001 | 5 August 2009 | 2 April 2014 |
Eligibility | Bumiputera | Malaysian | Malaysian | Bumiputera | Malaysian | Bumiputera |
Minimum | 10 units | 100 units | 100 units | 100 units | 100 units | 10 units |
Maximum | 200,000 units | Unlimited | Unlimited | Unlimited | Unlimited | 200,000 units |
Fund Size | Unlimited | 24.345 b | 19.843 b | 6.575 b | 16.705 b | 10.0 b |
Sales Charge | None | None | None | None | None | None (1) |
Redemption Charge | None | None | None | None | None | None (1) |
Payment of Redemption | On-the-spot | On-the-spot | On-the-spot | On-the-spot | On-the-spot | On-the-spot (1) |
Financial Year End | 31 December | 31 August | 31 March | 30 June | 30 September | 31 March |
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Divdend | ||||||
Year | ASB | ASW 2020 | ASM | ASD | AS1M | ASB2 |
1990 | 14 | |||||
1991 | 12.5 | |||||
1992 | 12.5 | |||||
1993 | 13.5 | |||||
1994 | 14 | |||||
1995 | 13 | |||||
1996 | 13.25 | |||||
1997 | 11.5 | 10.1 | ||||
1998 | 10.5 | 9.8 | ||||
1999 | 10 | 8.2 | ||||
2000 | 11.75 | 8.8 | ||||
2001 | 10 | 7.25 | 7.8 | |||
2002 | 9 | 7.25 | 7 | 10 | ||
2003 | 9.25 | 6.6 | 6.6 | 6.8 | ||
2004 | 9.25 | 7 | 7 | 7 | ||
2005 | 9 | 7.1 | 7.2 | 7.2 | ||
2006 | 8.55 | 6.8 | 6.75 | 6.8 | ||
2007 | 9 | 8 | 6.8 | 7 | ||
2008 | 8.75 | 7 | 7.8 | 7 | ||
2009 | 8.55 | 6.3 | 6.25 | 6.3 | ||
2010 | 8.75 | 6.35 | 6.3 | 6.35 | 6.38 | |
2011 | 8.8 | 6.5 | 6.38 | 6.5 | 6.5 | |
2012 | 8.9 | 6.6 | 6.5 | 6.6 | 6.6 | |
2013 | 8.7 | 6.7 | 6.8 | 6.8 | 6.7 | |
2014 | 8.5 | 6.6 | 6.6 | 6.6 | 6.6 | |
2015 | 7.75 | 6.4 | 6.6 | 6.6 | 6.4 | 7.75 |
2016 | 7.25 | 6.3 | 6.3 | 6.3 | 6.1 | 7.05 |
2017 | 6 | 6.5 | ||||
Average 10Y | 8.50 | 6.68 | 6.55 | 6.61 | ||
Average 5Y | 8.05 | 6.50 | 6.38 | 6.58 | 6.45 | |
Average 3Y | 7.83 | 6.43 | 6.30 | 6.50 | 6.37 | 7.10 |
Cumm. 10Y | 125.45 | 91.34 | 89.16 | 90.10 | ||
Cumm. 5Y | 48.42 | 37.14 | 36.75 | 37.52 | 36.88 | |
Cumm. 3Y | 25.38 | 20.57 | 20.11 | 20.79 | 20.34 | 22.84 |
这些基金的特色就是价格固定,没有变动,定价为RM1每单位。他们是股票型基金,有涉及股票投资。但是他们应该是Income收入型基金。
他也会跟着经济表现,在90年代有10%以上,而近年大致上,都有6%-8%的股息。
最神奇,最神奇的地方就是这么多年来,不管“晴天雨天”,天天都是好天,都能保持派息,基金价格保持RM1。看看我们的股市这二十多年来经历了大大小小的熊市,这些基金经理是如何做到的,只有赚冇赔,是不是很神奇。简直是投资界的神话,目前应该没有其他基金经理能做到。
这就是最吸引投资者的特点。
Source: http://ongmali.blogspot.my/2016/
神秘的面纱NAV
这些固定型基金ASB, ASW2020, ASM, ASD, AS1M, ASB2 的年报里,很奇怪看不到NAV净资产的真正数字。买基金第一点就是看NAV,因为全部计算都是根据NAV计算。在年报里只是看到portfolio里有多少%是股票,多少%是债卷,没有直接列出NAV数字。为什么那么神秘?Ali也不知道。
没有NAV就很难评估基金的表现,Ali想了想,研究研究,想到可以间接,反向计算,得到NAV大约的数字。利用年报里的经理人的费用,除以%NAV,就得到估计的NAV。
2016年,经理人费用是RM5.33亿,依据年报说是占0.35%NAV,那么NAV就是RM1523亿(发放股息前),发放股息后NAV是RM1426亿 (RM 142,665,121,303)。(这是估计数字,不是真正数字,因为在反向计算里小数位忽略了)。以下是Ali计算ASB近年的NAV。
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2016 | 2015 | 2014 | 2013 | 2012 | |
Net Profit | 9,826,228,639 | 9,113,804,210 | 10,185,483,207 | 9,409,565,637 | 8,186,018,799 |
Dividend | 9,652,031,840 | 10,255,139,610 | 9,983,987,277 | 9,220,053,849 | 7,990,096,967 |
Dividend per unit | 6.75 | 7.25 | 7.5 | 7.7 | 7.75 |
Bonus per unit | 0.5 | 0.5 | 1 | 1 | 1.15 |
Manager Fee | 533,110,036 | 532,677,475 | 504,053,600 | 454,745,300 | 393,811,700 |
%NAV | 0.35 | 0.35 | 0.35 | 0.35 | 0.35 |
NAV | 142,665,121,303 | 141,938,424,676 | 134,031,327,009 | 120,707,174,722 | 104,527,531,604 |
%Growth | 0.51% | 5.90% | 11.04% | 15.48% | |
Total Expenses | 636,374,788 | 619,287,677 | 561,225,904 | 512,029,898 | 438,965,493 |
%NAV | 0.45% | 0.44% | 0.42% | 0.42% | 0.42% |
有了NAV,再计算NAV per Unit。计算结果如下
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Unit RM1 setiap satu dibayar penuh | 144,443,000,000 | 142,543,000,000 | 137,373,000,000 | 127,373,000,000 | 110,298,000,000 |
Add Units | 1,900,000,000 | 5,170,000,000 | 10,000,000,000 | 17,075,000,000 | |
% Add Units | 1.33% | 3.76% | 7.85% | 15.48% | |
NAV - Equity | -1,777,878,697 | -604,575,324 | -3,341,672,991 | -6,665,825,278 | -5,770,468,396 |
NAV per unit | 0.9877 | 0.9958 | 0.9757 | 0.9477 | 0.9477 |
Premium / (Discount) | 0.01 | 0.004 | 0.02 | 0.05 | 0.05 |
然后计算这个基金的表现
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2016 | 2015 | 2014 | 2013 | 2012 | |
%Income | 7.25 | 7.75 | 8.50 | 8.70 | |
%Capital Gain | -0.81 | 2.06 | 2.96 | -0.002 | |
%Performance | 6.38 | 9.97 | 11.71 | 8.70 |
看表现很好6%-11%。
让我们再从它的投资股票组合看。组合里重仓是MAYBANK和SIME DARBY,各占20.49%,和15.35%。假如持有Maybank股份没有大变动,Maybank去年(2016)跌-2.38%,那么Maybank 的%NAV降到20.0023%。如此类推。
从基金里19项股票表现计算,它综合表现是-1.986%。另外12%的股票表现就不清楚了,不过只是占小数。还有另外非股票投资27.08%NAV,然后推磨其他表现,应该符合上面计算NAV Capital Gain/(Loss)= -0.81%。
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2016 Portfolio | %NAV | Return 1y (2016) | %NAV |
1. Malayan Banking Berhad | 20.49 | -2.38 | 20.002338 |
2. Sime Darby Berhad | 15.35 | 8.29 | 16.622515 |
3. Axiata Group Berhad | 3.46 | -26.37 | 2.547598 |
4. Maxis Berhad | 2.6 | -12.06 | 2.28644 |
5. Tenaga Nasional Berhad | 2.49 | 4.35 | 2.598315 |
6. Telekom Malaysia Berhad | 1.94 | -12.24 | 1.702544 |
7. Digi.Com Berhad | 1.83 | -10.56 | 1.636752 |
8. SP Setia Berhad | 1.77 | 23.04 | 2.177808 |
9. UMW Holdings Berhad | 1.55 | -41.93 | 0.900085 |
10. I&P Group Berhad | 0 | ||
11. Petronas Chemical Group Berhad | 1.38 | -3.99 | 1.324938 |
12. CIMB Group Holdings Berhad | 1.37 | -0.66 | 1.360958 |
13. Public Bank Berhad | 1.09 | 6.48 | 1.160632 |
14. MMC Corporation Berhad | 0.99 | 18.88 | 1.176912 |
15. MISC Berhad | 0.99 | -21.56 | 0.776556 |
16. IOI Corporation Berhad | 0.95 | -6.38 | 0.88939 |
17. Petronas Dagangan Berhad | 0.79 | -4.26 | 0.756346 |
18. Petronas Gas Berhad | 0.78 | -4.91 | 0.741702 |
19. Malaysia Airports Holdings Berhad | 0.64 | 8.02 | 0.691328 |
20. RHB Bank Berhad | 0.63 | -16.93 | 0.523341 |
Total | 61.09 | -1.986 | 59.876498 |
Other Investments | 27.08 | 1.8 | 27.56744 |
Total | 88.17 | -0.823 | 87.443938 |
读到这里,你可能蒙查查,不知道Ali算什么。不用紧,Ali也不是专业查账人。
真正能给基金保持NAV在RM1左右,和派股息,是来自于基金的利息和投资股息收入RM9,826,228,639,派息总额RM9,652,031,840,那已经给以应付了。(Ali没有它在1997和2008年的年报,不能计算它在熊市时如何表现)
Ali猜利息和股息收入,应该能让它“安然”度过熊市。你也不妨考虑股息派投资法。这是神话背后的秘密。
另外ASNB也有推出浮动型基金,它就像我们一般熟悉的信托基金一样。其价格随基金表现变动。一共6项浮动基金,如下:
6项浮动基金
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ASNB | Variable Price | |||||
Symbol | ASN | ASN2 | ASN3 | ASG-Pendidikan | ASG-Kesihatan | ASG-Persaraan |
Fund Name | Amanah Saham Nasional | Amanah Saham Nasional 2 | Amanah Saham Nasional 3 Imbang | Amanah Saham Gemilang - Pendidikan | Amanah Saham Gemilang - Kesihatan | Amanah Saham Gemilang - Persaraan |
Type | Growth | Growth | Balanced | Income | Growth | Income |
Category | Equity | Equity | Mixed | Income | Equity | Income |
Launch Date | 20 April 1981 | 9 June 1999 | 16 October 2001 | 17 March 2003 | 17 March 2003 | 17 March 2003 |
Eligibility | Bumiputera | Bumiputera | Malaysian | Malaysian | Malaysian | Malaysian |
Minimum | 10 units | 100 units | 100 units | 100 units | 100 units | 100 units |
Maximum | Unlimited | Unlimited | Unlimited | Unlimited | Unlimited | Unlimited |
Fund Size | 1.895 b | 1.432 b | 1.131 b | 1.131 b | 1.131 b | 1.131 b |
Sales Charge | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.05 |
Redemption Charge | None | None | None | None | None | None |
Payment of Redemption | On-the-spot | On-the-spot | On-the-spot | On-the-spot | On-the-spot | On-the-spot |
Financial Year End | 31 December | 30 June | 30 November | 31 March | 31 March | 31 March |
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Divdend | ||||||
Year | ASN | ASN2 | ASN3 | ASG-Pendidikan | ASG-Kesihatan | ASG-Persaraan |
1981 | 20 | |||||
1982 | 18 | |||||
1983 | 18 | |||||
1984 | 17.2 | |||||
1985 | 17.2 | |||||
1986 | 14 | |||||
1987 | 13 | |||||
1988 | 13.25 | |||||
1989 | 14.5 | |||||
1990 | 12.5 | |||||
1991 | 6.25 | |||||
1992 | 8.25 | |||||
1993 | 12.5 | |||||
1994 | 14 | |||||
1995 | 13 | |||||
1996 | 13.75 | |||||
1997 | 10.5 | |||||
1998 | 6.5 | |||||
1999 | 8.25 | |||||
2000 | 8 | 9 | ||||
2001 | 5 | 6.5 | ||||
2002 | 5 | 6 | 6 | |||
2003 | 5.3 | 5.3 | 7 | |||
2004 | 5.6 | 5.5 | 7.5 | 6.5 | 7 | 6.25 |
2005 | 5.5 | 5.5 | 7 | 7.25 | 7.3 | 6.75 |
2006 | 5.5 | 5 | 6.3 | 6.5 | 6.75 | 6.25 |
2007 | 6.25 | 5.2 | 8 | 6.5 | 6.75 | 6.25 |
2008 | 5.5 | 5.2 | 7 | 7 | 7.25 | 6.75 |
2009 | 5.2 | 5.2 | 5.5 | 5.5 | 6 | 5 |
2010 | 6 | 5.2 | 6 | 5.5 | 6 | 5 |
2011 | 6.05 | 5.5 | 6 | 5.6 | 6.1 | 5.1 |
2012 | 6.3 | 6.5 | 6.3 | 7 | 7.1 | 7.05 |
2013 | 6.45 | 7.1 | 6.4 | 7.1 | 7.2 | 7.3 |
2014 | 6.45 | 6.9 | 6.2 | 7.1 | 7.2 | 7.05 |
2015 | 6.1 | 3.45 | 6.2 | 7.1 | 7.2 | 7.05 |
2016 | 5 | 3.45 | 6 | 6 | 7 | 6.8 |
2017 | 4.5 | 4.25 | 5.15 | |||
Average 10Y | 5.93 | 5.37 | 6.36 | 6.24 | 6.53 | 6.23 |
Average 5Y | 6.00 | 5.23 | 6.20 | 6.18 | 6.41 | 6.51 |
Average 3Y | 5.85 | 4.60 | 6.13 | 5.87 | 6.15 | 6.33 |
Cumm. 10Y | 76.96 | 67.81 | 85.75 | 82.26 | 87.56 | 81.48 |
Cumm. 5Y | 34.19 | 30.49 | 35.22 | 36.08 | 37.42 | 38.09 |
Cumm. 3Y | 18.59 | 14.40 | 19.55 | 18.63 | 19.58 | 20.22 |
看看他们的表现与上面固定型基金不相上下,有5%-6%左右。但是他们的价格是浮动的。很少投资者买这基金时,留意价钱。NAV per Unit。这组基金就有变动报价。查看http://www.asnb.com.my/price.aspx
以ASN为例,从2013到2016,共获得24sen股息。投资时的价格大概是0.8495,好像赚了28%回报。不要被骗,还要看NAV。在2012时NAV是0.8495每单位。2016时是0.6637,下降了21%!!,就是你的资本缩水21%。虽然获得28%股息,4年累计净回报只是6.3%,化年CAGR只有1.4%而已。
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2016 | 2015 | 2014 | 2013 | 2012 | |
NAV per unit | 0.6637 | 0.6822 | 0.7720 | 0.8815 | 0.8495 |
Lowest NAV | 0.6484 | 0.6787 | 0.7981 | 0.8225 | 0.8127 |
Highest NAV | 0.7144 | 0.8098 | 0.8977 | 0.9391 | 0.9046 |
%Income | 7.53 | 8.94 | 8.36 | 7.32 | |
%Capital Gain | -2.71 | -11.63 | -12.43 | 3.77 | |
%Performance | 4.62 | -3.72 | -5.11 | 11.36 | 11.42 |
总结
Ali个人能力有限,不能对全部基金做分析,读者可以参考,自己研究。
如果你想投资固定收入,那ASNB 旗下的Fixed price fund是比私人公司信托基金(Income fund)好,又有价值保证,大约6%回报。而且ASNB的基金不是人人能买,有些只开放给Bumiputera,不过有3项ASW2020, ASM, AS1M 是给全部马来西亚公民,连6个月大的婴孩也可以投资。
下载:ASNB的计算Spreadsheet
注:
1. 没有买卖建议,Ali没有收取任何基金佣金,也没有利益冲突。如有负面评语,是以事论事。
2. 以上投资信托基金绩效,不包含sale charge成本,所以实际绩效来得低一些。
【十载投资,路在何方,扎根本土,放眼世界】
http://aliinvest.blogspot.my/2017/05/amanah-saham-nasional.html